Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering

Introduction. Current and future abilities of the Biomedical Engineering. Bone structure. Elementary anatomical units. Cortical bones and Haversian system. Cancellous bones and trabeculae. Bone remodeling: osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Relationship between bone remodeling and principal stresses (Wolff’s law) or strains (Frost’s law). Mechanical behavior of bones. Soft tissues: Mechanical behavior of muscles and tendons. Artificial tendons. Application to athletics, plastic surgery and ophthalmology. Orthodontic applications: The role of the periodontal ligament. The tooth as an elastically supported rigid structure under bone remodeling. Centre of rotation, centre of resistance. Elementary gait analysis and rehabilitation principles. Inverse dynamics. Methods to obtain medical images from a CT scanner (raw data, DICOM, etc.). Development of a 3D-CAD model. Development of finite element models. Application of the finite element method in implants design (total hip arthroplasty, knee, elbow, shoulder, fingers, etc.). Simplified hip model in bending. Plates for bone osteosynthesis: craniofacial, calcaneous, long bones, an so on. Dental implants. Hightech (CAD/CAM/CAE) orthodontic appliances.

Objectives

Introduction to current and future potential of biomedical technology.

Prerequisites

There are no prerequisites for the completion of the course.

Syllabus

Introduction. Current and future potential of Biomedical Engineering. Biomechanics. Tissue engineering (tissue construction). Elementary theory of gait analysis and recovery data (rehabilitation). Mechanical behavior of bone and soft tissue. Mechanical behavior of muscles and tendons. Analysis of biological systems. Biomedical devices for measuring proteins and DNA. Methods of medical image retrieval from CT (raw data, DICOM, etc.). Conversion to CAD file. Development of finite element models.